Author
Wendy Lower describes ordinary women who turned bad—very bad— in her
book, Hitler’s Furies: German Women in the Killing Fields. These were
not the tough, brutish concentration-camp guards who were likely
sociopathic to begin with. Instead, they were teachers, secretaries,
nurses and wives. They “went east” (to Poland and Ukraine) to work for
the Nazis, or to accompany their husbands, who worked for the Nazis.
Eastern
Europe under Adolf Hitler’s rule was actually a “wild west.” While the
Nazis took care to shield the German people from the truth about the
war, those working in the east didn’t care. For example, the
Einsatzgruppen was an SS mobile killing squad. They would force Jews and
other victims to dig trenches, shoot them so they would topple into the
open space and then bury them as they lay. It’s hard to keep events
like that secret, especially if you’re murdering 5,000 people at a time.
Secretaries
typed up reports and saw photographs of atrocities. Other women
witnessed the rounding up of Jews who were then sent to concentration
camps. One wife went to a mass shooting with her husband.
One of the
worst was Erna Petri, the wife of an SS officer. She and her family were
living the high life in a manor house in Poland. When six Jewish boys,
running from the Nazis appeared on the property, she shot them dead.
And
this is why President Donald Trump’s tweet that depicts him pummeling a
man representing the CNN cable news network is no laughing matter.
When we accept violence, when we allow a culture of violence to exist, we are setting ourselves up for disaster.
I
have written about Trump’s fascist tendencies before. He’s a bully and a
would-be authoritarian. And I’ve noted that it is not considered
politically correct to compare anyone to Hitler and his minions. But I
don’t care. I have been a student of the Holocaust and the Third Reich
since I was 12, when I first read The Diary of Anne Frank. How could
it have happened? Many decades later, I still don’t really know.
This
I do know. My first revelation about Hitler’s rise to power was that
the government had compiled extensive records about its citizens. When
the Final Solution was conceived, this made it much easier for the
Gestapo to find Jews and Romas and other people the Third Reich found
unacceptable.
Like the proverbial frog in a slowly boiling pot, we
already are too far gone to protect our privacy in America. Edward
Snowden made that clear.
My second epiphany came when I understood
that most people are sheeple. They don’t want to think for themselves.
This is a silly example, but the recent fad of women wearing brightly
colored leggings is a case in point. Some people are so intent on
following the herd that they don’t have any idea how ridiculous they
look in them.
We think, “I would have spoken up. I would have tried to stop them.” Really? The Gestapo? And jackbooted SS troops?
No,
the time to stop them came and went years earlier, when Hitler was
rising to power. When the culture of violence was still in its infancy.
As it is here, now.
Lower divides her descriptions of the furies into
three categories: witnesses, accomplices and perpetrators. The
witnesses were the secretaries who processed damning information, and
those who saw the victimization of Jews in all its forms. There were
those, too, who wanted to witness—they went to a Jewish ghetto for
example, to have a look.
But they did nothing.
Lower also calls
the secretaries and wives accomplices. They all had access to goods
plundered from the Nazis’ victims, such as food, fur coats and jewelry.
The author describes one secretary as “more than a passive witness: she
participated in the planning of the massacres and was present at more
than one of the shootings that occurred in 1942-43.” They forced Jewish
workers to renovate their lodgings, and act as maids and butlers.
The perpetrators need no explanation. See Erna Petri above.
At
war’s end, the women knew they had done wrong. They hid away their
uniforms and plundered items. They did not speak of their time in the
war.
As Frank herself wrote, “Despite everything, I believe people
are really good at heart.” I agree. But when violence is normalized, our
hearts and souls get twisted. Don’t let that happen here.
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